In present scenario, all the world wide researcher of Pharmaceutical field is well versed with the fact that the overall action of a drug molecule is not only dependent on its inherent therapeutic activity, rather on the efficiency of its delivery at the site of action. Many drug delivery systems (DDS) are aimed to sustain drug blood concentration and controlling the rate of drug delivery to the target tissue, but mucoadhesion is one of the most prominent and latest systems in the design of gastro retentive drug delivery systems. It prolongs the residence time of the dosage form at the site of application or absorption and facilitates an intimate contact of the dosage form with the underline absorption surface and thus contributes to improved and / or better therapeutic performance of the drug. In recent years many such mucoadhesive drug delivery systems have been developed for oral, buccal, nasal, gastrointestinal, rectal and vaginal routes for both systemic and local effects. The present review compile the recent literature with special focus on various gastroretentive approaches that have recently become leading methodologies in the field of site-specific orally administered controlled release drug delivery. In order to understand various physiological difficulties to achieve gastric retention, Finally, advantages of gastroretentive drug delivery systems were covered in detail.
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